References Used in the Service Records

NOTE: The Cumberland Ploughboys website (Ref# 108) no longer exists. That’s a real shame. The site had tons of useful information, and I didn’t save any of the genealogical data. Some of the content is on Facebook: Robeson County NC Civil War Ancestry page.


The soldiers’ records include a field called “References.” The numbers in this field indicate the source of information for a record. The references allow researchers to verify the information. The links in the below list were last verified on December 1, 2021.


1. Histories of the Several Regiments and Battalions from North Carolina in the Great War 1861 – 1865, Volume III, edited by Walter Clark, published by the State of North Carolina, 1901

2. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume XII, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1990

3. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume II, compiled by Louis H. Manarin, published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1968

4. www.buffnet.net/~mewexler/cw-info.htm (No longer active)

5. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume III, compiled by Louis H. Manarin, published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1971

6. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, edited by R. N. Scott, et. al., published by the Government Printing Office, 1901

7. Maryland SCV site. The link now redirects. Lists graves for Confederate vets in Maryland. www.mdscv.org/1388/confhill.htm

8. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume V, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1975

9. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume VI, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1977

10. Onslow County SCV — List of Onslow County Confederate soldiers. www.scv1302.homestead.com/onslowconfederateroster.html

11. Richmond Whig, “Hospital Rats,” November 29, 1864. Found at: www.mdgorman.com/richmond_whig_112964.htm (No longer active)

12. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume VIII, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1981

13. Tennessee Confederate pension applications https://sharetngov.tnsosfiles.com/tsla/history/military/pension.htm

14. Weekly Standard, Raleigh, NC, June 29, 1864

15. Finn’s Point National Cemetery www.interment.net/data/us/nj/salem/finns/index_ac.htm

16. Finn’s Point National Cemetery www.interment.net/data/us/nj/salem/finns/index_dg.htm

17. www.gravegarden.org/roster/q-r.htm (No longer active)

18. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume I, compiled by Louis H. Manarin, published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1966

19. Elmira List of Confederate Prisoners www.angelfire.com/ny5/elmiraprison/ae.html

20. www.cwc.lsu.edu/cwc/projects/dbases/nccitypt.htm LSU Civil War project about City Point Prison (No longer active)

21. Wilmington Journal, September 23, 1863

22. Ft. Bragg Cemeteries www.monroegen.org/BraggCem.htm

23. (Preview from MSN Hit List; URL is dead)

24. www.chesebro.net/wgs8.html25 (No longer active)

25. www.stormpages.com/woodbyandsons/veteran.html (No longer active)

26. Site about Point Lookout Prisoners www.plpow.com

27. Not Used

28. Samuel W. Ward, Military Service Record, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D. C.

29. Samuel W. Ward, N. C. Pension Record, July 1, 1907

30. http://taylorfamilyofnc.tripod.com/military.htm (No longer active)

31. Samuel W. Ward, N. C. Pension Record, July 2, 1902

32. Columbus Co. GenWeb site (cemeteries)

33. Not Used

34. Not Used

35. Not Used

36. www.rootsweb.com/~mychemun/cemetery/prisonab.htm (No longer active)

37. www.foreverlivingproducts.net/tree/ammons.htm (No longer active)

38. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~porters/military.htm

39. Leon Ward, family lore

40. Columbus Co. GenWeb site (military)

41. Richmond Examiner, “Our Wounded at the Officer’s Hospital,” May 19, 1864

42. http://cybersoup.com/randysandlin/csavets2.html (No longer active)

43. www.csa-dixie.com/prisoners/t56.htm (No longer active)

44. www.rootsweb.com/%7Encbrunsw/1908roster.jpg (No longer active)

45. https://www.ncgenweb.us/cumberland/amputee.htm

46. www.betterthanmost.com/wayne/cemeteries/cem-mtCalv.htm (No longer active)

47. www.trackingyourroots.com/coffeevetcens.htm (No longer active)

48. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume VII, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1979

49. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume IX, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1983

50. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume X, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1985

51. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume XI, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1987

52. Old 51st North Carolina website: https://web.archive.org/web/20091027050155/http://geocities.com/Pentagon/Bunker/5870/

53. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume XIII, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1993

54. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume XIV, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1998

55. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume IV, compiled by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 1973

56. Columbus County Census of 1850 found at Columbus County GenWeb site

57. Not Used

58. Columbus County Census of 1860 found at Columbus County GenWeb site

59. Robeson County Census of 1850 found at: http://www.rootsweb.com/~ncrobeso/robeson_census.html (No longer active)

60. Ogden, J. Murray. The Immortal Six Hundred. Roanoke: Stone Printing, 1911.

61. Not Used

62. Not Used

63. Roy Moore, email, July 12, 2004

64. Joe Scott, email, August 26, 2004

65. Bill Huggins, email, August 30, 2004

66. Histories of the Several Regiments and Battalions from North Carolina in the Great War 1861 – 1865, Volume V, edited by Walter Clark, published by the State of North Carolina, 1901

67. Marthajane Tew, email, November 5, 2004

68. Wayne Jordan, email, November 18, 2004

69. Dr. Hubert Warren, email, November 23, 2004

70. Casstevens, Frances H. Clingman’s Brigade in the Confederacy, 1862-1865. Jefferson NC: McFarland and Co., 2002.

71. Teri Moore-Withers, emails, January 4 and 5, 2005

72. Dennis Norris, email, January 1, 2005

73. Stacy Guy, email, January 16, 2005

74. James E. Mercer, emails, February 14 and March 1, 2005

75. Stacey Grimsley, email, April 14, 2005

76. Deborah Novotny, email, May 11, 2005

77. Jim McCallum, email, May 14, 2005

78. Donald and Jenny Osborne, email, July 5, 2005

79. Charles Mercer, email, November 22, 2005

80. Robert M. Spigner, email, November 23, 2005

81. Connie Griffin, email, May 9, 2006

82. Not Used

83. Not Used

84. Not Used

85. Not Used

86. Thomas Brace, email, June 20, 2006

87. http://boards.ancestry.com/mbexec?htx=message&r=rw&p=topics.Military.united-20-states.civwar.nc.nc&m=1602.2 (dead link)

88. Charles Mercer, email, May 26, 2006

89. http://www.rootsweb.com/~nychemun/prison.htm (dead link)

90. http://mason.math.tntech.edu/mason/d002/g0000008.htm (dead link)

91. Luke Simmons, email, August 3, 2006

92. Wanda Groves Kohlman, email, August 5, 2006

93. Not Used

94. Donna Wynne, email, May 24, 2007

95. James Shoemaker, email, July 21, 2007

96. Not Used

97. http://mason.math.tntech.edu/mason/d0003/g0000014.htm (dead link)

98. http://www.onhgs.org/confedhosp.pdf, copyright by Robert J. Cook (Old New Hanover Genealogical Society was a great site, but it went dark in 2019)

99. Find A Grave, 51st NCT https://www.findagrave.com/virtual-cemetery/171554?page=1#sr-257880

100. List of NC post offices (1785-1882) https://www.carolana.com/NC/Towns/NC_POs_1785_to_1882_Sorted.htm

101. Common Civil War Medical Terms https://ehistory.osu.edu/exhibitions/cwsurgeon/cwsurgeon/commonterms

102. Medical Terminology Used during the Civil War https://civilwartalk.com/threads/medical-terminology-used-during-the-civil-war.117814/

103. Robeson County GenWeb Archives (Military) http://www.usgwarchives.net/nc/robeson/robesonmilitary.htm

104. Wendy Jones, email, December 29, 2009

105. Fayetteville Observer, May 1, 1862: roster of Capt. McKethan’s company (Company I)

106. Biography of James Chester Rockwell, son of Captain H. C. Rockwell, the 51st Regiment’s Quartermaster https://www.ncpedia.org/biography/rockwell-james-chester

107. Richard White’s Confederate kin. Has some family info about the Prevatts in the 51st. http://pone.com/ts/rw000_NEW20050305.htm

108. Cumberland Plough Boys (re-enactors) web site (www.ploughboys.org). Contains detailed genealogy for some soldiers. (Went dark in 2021 or 2022)

109. State Archives of North Carolina Digital Collections Confederate Pension Applications Confederate Pension Applications – North Carolina Digital Collections – North Carolina Digital Collections (ncdcr.gov)

110. Family Search.org census records http://www.familysearch.org/

111. National Cemetery Administration, Nationwide Gravesite Locator https://gravelocator.cem.va.gov/index.html

112. Find-A-Grave website www.findagrave.com

113. Encyclopedia of southern Jewish communities — Whiteville, NC https://www.isjl.org/north-carolina-whiteville-encyclopedia.html

114. Buie Cemetery, Cumberland County headstone list https://www.ncgenweb.us/cumberland/buiecem.htm

115. Historical and Genealogical Resources for the Upper New River of North Carolina and Virginia https://www.newrivernotes.com/ashe_alleghany_military_cwsoldiers.htm

116. Roster of Company H, 1st GA Vol Infantry (Ramsey’s) http://www.ranger95.com/civil_war/georgia/infantry/1ga_inf_ramsey/1st_inf_regt_ramseys_rost_h.html

117. Cumberland County GenWeb http://ncgenweb.us/cumberland/colinshaw.html

118. Family record about Cartwrights at Family Quest https://giamona.com/quest/database/fam130.html

119. 51st Virginia Infantry Regiment http://italygenes.com/51vainf.html

120. Arkansas Digital Archives https://digitalheritage.arkansas.gov/confederate-veterans-pension-applications/

121. NC Civil War & Reconstruction History Museum http://nccivilwarcenter.org/featured-stories/ (Dead Link)

122. North Carolina Architects and Builders https://ncarchitects.lib.ncsu.edu/people/P000061

123. Duke University Libraries, John David McGeachy Papers https://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/findingaids/mcgeachyjohnd/

124. Ancestry.com message board concerning Grimsley https://www.ancestry.com/boards/surnames.grimsley/363.3/mb.ashx

125. Ancestry.com message board concerning Isaac Layton https://www.ancestry.com/boards/localities.northam.usa.states.northcarolina.counties.sampson/4297/mb.ashx

126. Hollywood Cemetery Confederate Section, Richmond Va Burial Records | Find a Grave – Hollywood Cemetery

127. Geni – Daniel Joseph Alphin profile https://www.geni.com/people/Daniel-Alphin/6000000006253417042

128. Blandford Cemetery, Petersburg, VA interment list https://www.petersburgva.gov/303/Blandford-Cemetery

129. Shohola Train Wreck http://trainwreck.shohola.org/

130. Sampson Hawley widow’s pension application (1885)

131. North Carolina Confederate Soldiers 1861-1865, Volumes 1-3, edited by Janet B. Hewett, Boadfoot Publishing, Wilmington, NC, 1999

132. North Carolina Troops 1861 – 1865: A Roster, Volume XX, published by the N. C. Division of Archives and History, 2017

133. North Carolina in the Civil War http://www.ncgenweb.us/ncstate/civilwar/nccivwar.htm

134. Register of North Carolina Troops. 1864., Adjutant General’s Office, Raleigh, NC, January 1, 1864 http://digital.ncdcr.gov/cdm/ref/collection/p249901coll22/id/269228

135. List of Dead transcribed from Fayetteville Observer http://www.ncgenweb.us/cumberland/civilwardead.pdf

136. Angus John Wilkes genealogy page https://wilkesgen.com/gen/getperson.php?personID=I14450&tree=air

137. Dail Veterans http://freepages.rootsweb.com/~ncwoodpile/genealogy/war-records/civil-war/dail.html

138. Cumberland County GenWeb site http://www.ncgenweb.us/cumberland/civwarltr.htm

139. Military History Online https://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/Genealogy/Regiment/North%20Carolina/0/2802/43700

140. “Letter from Duplin County.” The Observer, Raleigh, NC, April 12, 1878

141. State Library and Archives of Florida: Confederate Pension Applications https://www.floridamemory.com/discover/historical_records/pensionfiles/

142. NC Supreme Court document “Presentation of the Portrait of…William Reynolds Allen,” Sept. 6, 1922 https://www.nccourts.gov/assets/inline-files/ncsct184allen.pdf?UCCHf6IbSyfT0XvXeoxZJvaakaSt2Fg1

143. Wilmington Journal, January 8, 1863

144. Wilmington Journal, January 29, 1863

145. Robeson County GenWeb site (court records) http://www.usgwarchives.net/nc/robeson/robesoncourt.htm

146. Wilmington Journal, January 22, 1863

147. Wilmington Journal, August 13, 1863

148. Wilmington Journal, August 6, 1863

149. Wilmington Journal, August 27, 1863

150. Wilmington Journal, July 23, 1863

151. Wilmington Journal, June 30, 1864

152. Wilmington Journal, August 7, 1862

153. Wilmington Journal, July 31, 1862

154. Wilmington Journal, August 14, 1862

155. Faison Depot website www.faisondepot.com

156. Galvanized Yankees in Custer National Cemetery https://www.findagrave.com/virtual-cemetery/131896

157. The Jeffersonian (Stroudsburg, PA) July 21, 1863

158. Today in history blog, “July 15, 1864 Great Shohola Train Wreck” https://todayinhistory.blog/2017/07/15/july-15-1864-great-shohola-train-wreck/

159. Histories of the Several Regiments and Battalions from North Carolina in the Great War 1861 – 1865, Volume IV, edited by Walter Clark, published by the State of North Carolina, 1901

160. Wilmington Journal, June 2, 1864

161. Wilmington Journal, May 26, 1864

162. Wilmington Journal, June 16, 1864

163. Wilmington Journal, Dec. 8, 1864

164. Wilmington Journal, Nov. 10, 1864

165. Wilmington Journal, Sep. 4, 1862

166. Rhea, Gordon C. Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May – June 3, 1864. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2002.

167. Wilmington Journal, November 12, 1863

168. Wilmington Journal, January 1, 1863

170. James Bryan Creech, “Four Oaks History Corner”

171. Weekly Standard, March 29,1865

172. Wilmington Journal, Sep. 24, 1863

173. Wilmington Journal, July 28, 1864

174. Wilmington Journal, October 15, 1863

175. Fayetteville Observer, March 16, 1863

176. Fayetteville Observer, Feb. 19, 1863

177. Fayetteville Observer, Mar. 23, 1863

178. Fayetteville Observer, June 6, 1864

179. Fayetteville Observer, Oct. 6, 1864

180. Fayetteville Observer, Sep. 19, 1864

181. Fayetteville Observer, Aug. 29, 1864

182. Fayetteville Observer, Nov. 6, 1862

183. Fayetteville Observer, May 25, 1863

184. Fayetteville Observer, Aug. 17, 1863

185. Fayetteville Observer, June 16, 1864

186. Fayetteville Observer, June 13, 1864

187. Columbus County GenWeb site (Business Directory 1867-68) http://www.ncgenweb.us/columbus/directory.html

188. NC Civil War Sailors Project http://www.rblong.net/sailor/index.html

189. Fayetteville Observer, Oct. 23, 1862

190. Fayetteville Observer, Mar. 31, 1862

191. Fayetteville Observer, Aug. 13, 1863

192. Fayetteville Observer, July 13, 1863

193. Carolana website https://www.carolana.com/NC/Courts/wrallen.html

194. Fayetteville Observer, Nov. 17, 1864

195. Lawrence, Robert C. The State of Robeson. New York: J. J. Little and Ives, 1939.

196. Steve Edgerton, email, 11/22/2020

197. Wilmington Journal, June 19, 1862

198. Fayetteville Observer, Mar. 31, 1864

199. Farmer and Mechanic (Raleigh) Jan. 16, 1869

200. De Rossett, William Lord. Pictorial and Historical New Hanover County and Wilmington North Carolina 1723-1938. Wilmington: William Lord de Rossett, 1938.

201. Wilmington Journal, Aug. 14, 1862.

202. Robert Maxwell McRacken Find-A-Grave Memorial.

203. Munson, Barry. North Carolina Civil War Obituaries, Regiments 47-70, Volume 2: A Collection of Tributes to the War Dead and Veterans. Lulu.com: 2019.

204. Wilmington Journal, Jul. 2, 1863

205. Wilmington Journal, Apr. 24, 1862

206. Fayetteville Observer, Dec. 15, 1864

207. Fayetteville Observer, Sep. 8, 1862

208. Fayetteville Observer, Aug. 8, 1864

209. Wilmington Journal, Jun. 23, 1864

210. Farmer and Mechanic (Raleigh) Nov. 17, 1881

211. Murray, J. Ogden. Minutes of the Immortal Six Hundred Society, 1910. Roanoke: Stone Printing, 1911.

212. Daily Confederate, Oct. 12, 1864

213. Tuther, T., Jr. Kelley’s Wilmington Directory, to Which Is Added a Business Directory, for 1860-61. Wilmington: George H. Kelley, 1861.

214. State Library and Archives of Florida: Old Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Home https://www.floridamemory.com/discover/historical_records/confedhome/

215. Project: North Carolina in the US Civil War (CSA) 1861-1865 North Carolina in the US Civil War (CSA) 1861-1865 Project Profiles (geni.com)

216. Fayetteville Observer, Jan. 22, 1863

217. Fayetteville Observer, Aug 27, 1863

218. Wilmington Journal, Jan. 24, 1861

219. Geneanet.org, Hiram Van Buren Houston profile

220. Geneanet.org, Samuel McGee Stanford profile

221. National Archives Microfilm Publication M950, Inspection Reports and Related Records Received by the Inspection Branch in the Confederate Adjutant and Inspector General’s Office Roll 12, Report #16-P-37, images 254-267. Available on Archive.org

222. National Archives Microfilm Publication M950, Inspection Reports and Related Records Received by the Inspection Branch in the Confederate Adjutant and Inspector General’s Office Roll 14, Report #6-P-46, images 85-99. Available on Archive.org

223. Weekly Raleigh Register May 7, 1862

224. Auction description of Colt revolver presented to Lt. A. J. Ashley Inscribed U.S. Inspected Colt Model 1851 Navy Revolver | Rock Island Auction

225. Fayetteville Observer Oct. 10, 1864

226. Robeson County, NC Civil War Ancestors (Facebook page)

227. Wilson, John James. Letters to Amanda Wilson. Willis and Amanda Wilson Family Papers, SC-MS-226, Randall Library Special Collections, University of North Carolina at Wilmington.

228. Anchram H. and Elizabeth K. Evans Civil War Letters, SC-MS-254, Randall Library Special Collections, University of North Carolina at Wilmington.

229. Wilmington Journal, Apr. 2, 1858.

230. Probate file, Walter Bell for estate of Caleb Hobson vs. Joseph Jackson, North Carolina State Supreme Court Case Files, Box 382, found at familysearch.com

231. Duplin County Veterans of the Civil War Duplin County Veterans of the Civil War (lostsoulsgenealogy.com)

232. NARA, Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers

233. William Batten individual page on rootsweb.com

234. John Hooks, email, 3/21/2023

235. John G. Hall letters, part of W. P. Hall collection (PC.551), North Carolina State Archives, Private Collection

236. Geneanet.org, Ralzamond Musselwhite profile

237. John Williford enlistment paper; found at https://sparedshared23.com/2023/05/10/1863-john-joel-tew-to-francis-matilda-elizabeth-tew/

238. North Carolina State Archives, Original Civil War Collection, Bounty Payrolls, Box 15

239. T. L. Clingman Papers, 1862-1865, UNC University Libraries, Wilson Special Collections Library, Collection Number: 00157

240. Monk L. Jackson Civil War Pension Application (Georgia), 12 Aug 1905. Found at Ancestry.com.

241. North Carolina State Archives, Original Civil War Collection, POA by men transferred from Wilmington Railroad Guards, Box 45, Folder 34

242. North Carolina State Archives, Original Civil War Collection, 51st Regt. NCT, Company A Muster Roll, 26 May 1862, Box 44, Folder 20

243. North Carolina State Archives, Original Civil War Collection, Box 45, Folder 30

244. Wilmington Dispatch 12 Mar. 1918

245. Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007

246. North Carolina State Archives, Original Civil War Collection, Box 44, Folder 20

247. James D. Williams letters, courtesy of James Lawrence

248. Fayetteville Independent Light Infantry website https://www.fili1793.org/historic-muster-rolls

249. Fayetteville Obsever 21 May 1860

250. Fayetteville Obsever 23 May 1859

251. Fayetteville Obsever 2 Jul 1860

252. Herman Ward Taylor, History of Alfred and Elizabeth Robinson Ward, their antecedents and descendents, available at digital.ncdcr.gov

253. Letter from Unknown to Sophie Mallet, George E. London Collection (PC.1275), North Carolina State Archives

254. William H. Grady letter to Sherwood Grady, 18 Aug. 1861, Grady Letters Collection (PC.1933), North Carolina State Archives

255. William H. Grady letters to “Sister”, 21 Feb. 1864, 29 Mar. 1864, 29 May 1864, and 4 Jan. 1865, Grady Letters Collection (PC.1933), North Carolina State Archives

256. Wilson, Amanda. Letter to John James Wilson, 6 May 1863, private collection

257. Entry for 22 Mar. 1864 in the Jane Evans Elliot Diaries #5343, Southern Historical Collection, Wilson Special Collections Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

258. John Boyette to Zebulon Vance, 8 Jun 1863. Transcript retrieved from Private Voices, Governor Zebulon Baird Vance Papers, Vance136 www.altchive.org/node/298

259. Samuel Guy to Zebulon Vance, 12 Nov 1862. Transcript retrieved from Private Voices, Governor Zebulon Baird Vance Papers, Vance11 www.altchive.org/node/298

260. Charlotte Rowells to Zebulon Vance, 23 Nov 1862. Transcript retrieved from Private Voices, Governor Zebulon Baird Vance Papers, Vance19 www.altchive.org/node/298

261. Thomas Walters to Zebulon Vance, 18 Oct. 1863. Transcript retrieved from Private Voices, Governor Zebulon Baird Vance Papers, Vance206 www.altchive.org/node/298

262. Sally G. Quinn Papers, transcripts retrieved from Private Voices www.altchive.org/node/281

Copyright 2021 – 2024 by Kirk Ward. All rights reserved.